LINA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Vocal Tract, Phoneme, Lol
Document Summary
Phoneme - abstract representation of a speech sound that contrasts with other speech sounds and that is used to make meaningful units (morphemes, words) (ex. / / is a phoneme: a mental category, exist in mind for purpose of creating contrasts among. Minimal pairs two words that differ by only one segment in same position (consonant contrasts) Complementary distribution when two sounds occur in non-overlapping, mutually exclusive environments (ex. would be canadian raising [ j] and [aj] are in complementary distribution) Phonemic representation consists of component phonemes (of a word) (ex. tied - /tajd/: also called underlying representation. What to include in phonetic representation [ ]: processes on next pg. Play [l] cry [upside r w/ circle under it] cue [j] twin [w] Flapping: diphthong /aj/ and /aw/ are pronounced as [ j] and [ w] before voiceless consonants, since [ ] is higher than [a], this characteristic is known as canadian.
