ANT203Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dominance (Genetics), Gregor Mendel, Plant Breeding
Document Summary
Experiments in monastery gardens: 1856 1863: garden pea plants. Alleles: varieties of genes, corresponding pairs of genes located at specific locations on the chromosomes. Genotype: combination of genes or alleles an individual carries, genetic makeup of an individual. Homozygous: individuals with the two copies of the same allele. Heterozygous: individuals with copies of two different alleles. 7 different traits, 2 different forms: e. g. height = tall vs. short, colour = green vs. yellow. Cultivated a population of true bred plants = parent plants. Cross parent plants that produce only tall plants with those that produce only short plants. F0 generation = founding population (parent plants) F1 generation = first generation, offspring of founding population. F2 generation = offspring of f1 population. Blending inheritance: f1 generation should be intermediate in height. Produce f2 generation: of offspring tall, short. So: different expressions of traits controlled by particles (aka genes), offspring inherits one from each parent.
