AST101H1 Lecture Notes - Naturalistic Observation, Participant Observation, Dependent And Independent Variables

• School: UTSG
• Department: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• Course: AST101H1
• Professor: Michael Reid

Document Summary

: the best way of figuring out these orderly principles is by collecting data. 1. ____________: the universe is orderly all events have meaningful, systematic causes. _________: statements about the causal relation between two or more variables. ___________: a characteristic or condition that changes or has different values for different individuals: __________ or making observations. 3. ____________: when facing two competing theories that do an equally good job of explaining a set of empirical observations, we should prefer the simpler (the more parsimonious) of the two: ____________ using currently available research techniques. Falsifiability: it must be possible, in principle, to make an observation that would show the hypothesis/theory to be false. : scientific theories should be testable (confirmable or disconfirmable) Constructs: internal attributes or characteristics that cannot be directly observed but are useful for describing and explaining behavior. Observers do not change or alter ongoing behavior: participant observation: active observation.