BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Evolutionary Medicine, Resistance 2, Resistance 3
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Evolution of resistance to antibiotics, evolution-proof vaccinationglobal: change and evolution. Weeds and agriculture: a major problem: weeds cause approx. 34% loss of crop yields annually: in us alone, translates to 26 billion dollars of losses. Weedy plants have repeatedly evolved resistance to herbicides. Where does resistance come from: pre-existing genetic variation in the population, new mutations: in very large populations new, simple mutations may be introduced at a high rate, epidemic spread" of resistance from one region to the next. Outcrossing weeds have more pre-existing resistance variation than sel ng weeds. Resistance evolves through pre-existing variation, epidemic spread, and new evolution from local populations. Can herbicide resistance be stopped: multi-herbicide treatment: makes new adaptation less likely, requires more complex adaptation, rotation of different kinds of herbicides means weeds are constantly hit by different selection pressures (but, could select for generalized resistance)
