BIO230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Tectorial Membrane, Leucine, Stereocilia

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BIO230H1 Full Course Notes

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We talked about how adult structures can develop. Once cells in tissues are born they continuously regenerate. Moelcular turnover: cells stay intact and molecules in the cells turn over. Cellular tunroner: cells dies and maintain the overall tissue structure. The reason that these tissues are maintained themselves for a lifetime because tehey have a very specific architectutre and function.

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Scenario

Staff Nurse: Thank you for agreeing to talk to me about the discussion we had the other day about assigning patient load. As I started to say in the meeting, but got interrupted, is that I really donât like the new plan that we have. I liked the old one better. I donât understand why we need to change.

Leader: You did get to express one concern about visiting patients in Iron Ridge and that is the communityâs high crime rate. We all recognize this issue, and I do understand. But the new patient assignment scheme is meant to match you with patients who will most benefit from your specialty, and not where you live geographically. There are many patients in Iron Ridge who have diabetes that need your expertise.

Staff Nurse: Wellâ¦ I really do love my patients and I donât hold it against them that they live in a bad part of town. But frankly, Iâm afraid! Every night when I watch the news, there is somebody thatâs been involved in a shooting or a carjacking. I talked to my husband about it and he said that if you insist I go over there, he wants me to quit. Itâs not safe!

Leader: [audible pause] I have an idea I would like to explore with you. What if we sent an escort to accompany you on your visits? Would this help you feel safer in that neighborhood?

Staff nurse: Sure, it would, but do you think thatâs realistic? The last I heard, we didnât have any money to give us nurses raises and bonuses. I mean, do we even have the budget for something like security?

Leader: Itâs realistic as long as I can justify the safety of our nurses. Letâs say the cost is not a barrier to this scheme. What do you think? Staff Nurse: [hesitation] Please let me think about it. I need to talk to my husband, too. I canât decide right now, but youâve given me something to consider.

At times the needs of our families conflict with our work responsibilities. Could this possibly be the underlying issue here?

1)Explain the conflict resolution skills displayed by the leader in the scenario. On a scale of 1-10, how would you rate those of the leader.

2)How might earlier collaboration have been beneficial?

3)Some organizations utilize non Registered Nurses in the Case Manager role. What additional skills, knowledge and attributes would the BSN-prepared Registered Nurse bring to case management in this scenario?

Please answer the question after reading the paragraph.

We have a global health challenge in our hands today, and that is that the way we currently discover and develop new drugs is too costly, takes far too long, and it fails more often than it succeeds. It really just isn't working, and that means that patients that badly need new therapies are not getting them, and diseases are going untreated. We seem to be spending more and more money. So for every billion dollars we spend in R&D, we're getting less drugs approved into the market. More money, less drugs. Now we have a whole pipeline of different organ chips that we are currently working on in our labs. Now, the true power of this technology, however, really comes from the fact that we can fluidically link them. There's fluid flowing across these cells, so we can begin to interconnect multiple different chips together to form what we call a virtual human on a chip. Now we're really getting excited.We're not going to ever recreate a whole human in these chips, but what our goal is is to be able to recreate sufficient functionality so that we can make better predictions of what's going to happen in humans. For example, now we can begin to explore what happens when we put a drug like an aerosol drug. Those of you like me who have asthma, when you take your inhaler, we can explore how that drug comes into your lungs, how it enters the body, how it might affect, say, your heart. Does it change the beating of your heart? Does it have a toxicity? Does it get cleared by the liver? Is it metabolized in the liver? Is it excreted in your kidneys? We can begin to study the dynamic response of the body to a drug. Organs on chips could also change the way we do clinical trials in the future. Right now, the average participant in a clinical trial is that: average. Tends to be middle aged, tends to be female. You won't find many clinical trials in which children are involved, yet every day, we give children medications, and the only safety data we have on that drug is one that we obtained from adults. Children are not adults. They may not respond in the same way adults do. There are other things like genetic differences in populations that may lead to at-risk populations that are at risk of having an adverse drug reaction. Now imagine if we could take cells from all those different populations, put them on chips, and create populations on a chip. This could really change the way we do clinical trials. And this is the team and the people that are doing this. We have engineers, we have cell biologists, we have clinicians, all working together. We're really seeing something quite incredible at the Wyss Institute. It's really a convergence of disciplines, where biology is influencing the way we design, the way we engineer, the way we build. It's pretty exciting.

Question: For years, technology and medicine have joined together to pave the way or even solve some of the worldâs greatest issues in healthcare. These issues include but are not limited to incurable diseases and disorders like AIDS and cancer. According to Geraldine Hamilton however, we as a population are spending too much money to develop drugs and solutions to these issues, only to be at a deficit with the drugs actually produced. She believes that one of the keys is how we test these drugs and finding more efficient ways to do so. As a result, she suggests the use of organs on chips, an innovation created and pioneered by her lab. The use of organs on chips could change the way new drugs are released and tested, thus possibly furthering the process of creating solutions to healthcareâs problems. Where is the fine line between technology and human innovation? Is human innovation gradually becoming depending on technology? (At least two paragraphs, a paragraph is at least 5 sentences long.)

short answers( Just few words) Basic bio, answer them all and I will rate you

1-How are freckles fundamentally different from age spots? Why are freckles more visible when you take a picture of skin with a camera that filters out all light except ultraviolet (UV)?

2-What is the difference between a whitehead and a blackhead? What is the technical term for a pimple?

3-Why are skin tags potentially dangerous to remove? A nevus is an accumulation of what type of epidermal cells? The moles you are born with are more likely to become malignant than the ones you develop throughout life? What does malignant mean? How does this term differ from benign? How does it relate to cancer?

4-The human papilloma virus (HPV) is very common in young, sexually active individuals. What are genital warts? Why are they potentially dangerous, especially for females?

5-What is the difference between eczema and psoriasis?

6-What is the most common type of skin cancer? What type of cells are responsible for this cancer? What is the most dangerous form of skin cancer? What type of cells are responsible for this cancer? Are all tumors cancerous? Why or why not?

7-Can you explain the ABCDEs of melanoma? In other words, what are the signs that your mole might be transforming into cancer?

8-What is cholecalciferol? Where is it made? What is its function? What is calcidiol? Where is it made? What is its function? What is calcitriol? Where is it made? What is its function?

9-What is rickets? How does this disease develop? How does rickets differ from osteomalacia?

BIO230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Tectorial Membrane, Leucine, Stereocilia

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