BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Condensation Reaction, Succinic Acid, Thioester

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emeraldcrow840

5 Dec 2017

School

UTSG

Department

Biochemistry

Course

BCH210H1

Professor

Stavroula Andreopoulos

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BCH210H1 Full Course Notes

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Document Summary

Mitochondria: has a double membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane is porous, present in all cells except the rbc"s, matrix is where all the important reactions take place. Inner mitochondrial membrane is the one that has the majority of the proteins. It is controlled by feedback inhibition: products can inhibit different parts of the complex, pdc can be covalently modified, when it is phosphorylated the complex is inactive. Citric acid cycle: citric acid cycle is the hub of mitochondrial oxidation, uses acetyl coa supplied by breakdown of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids, two stages. Malate dehydrogenase (mdh) reaction: very unfavourable reaction. Citrate synthase reaction: the thioester will be cleaved off, condensation reaction of oxaloacetate & acetyl coa. Citric acid cycle key points: cycle uses the 2c acetyl unit from acetyl coa to eventually produce. 2 co2 and 4 pairs of electrons with high transfer potential to form 3. Inhibited: atp, nadh, and citrate: stimulated: adp and pyruvate.

Related Questions

1. Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle catalyzes a substrate-level phosphorylation reaction?

A. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

B. Succinyl-CoA synthetase

C. Fumarase

D. Aconitase

E. Citrate synthase

2. Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle is embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane

A. Fumurase

B. Malate dehydrogenase

C. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

D. Succinate dehydrogenase

E. Aconitase

3. The addition of Isocitrate will stimulate the TCA cycle. How many ATP can you produce from one molecule of Isocitrate?

A. 10

B. 7.5

C. 4

D. 5

4. In the reaction mechanism for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, which cofactor is required for the decarboxylation step?

A. Thiamine pyrophosphate

B. Lipoic acid

C. FAD

D. NAD+

E. all of the above

2. In many cases, cellular signal transduction is mediated by a membrane-associated G-protein complex. Which is not right about this protein complex?

A) The complex is made of Î±-, Î²-, and Î³-subunit.

B) The G_sÎ±-subunit has a GTPase activity.

C) Depending on the receptor types, either G_sÎ±-subunit or G_iÎ±-subunit is used.

D) Signal transduction through G-proteins ultimately regulates protein phosphorylation.

E) None of the above.

3. Which statement is not right about the pyruvate dehydrogenase?

A) This enzyme is located in the mitochondria.

B) This enzyme consists of three different enzymatic subunits (E1, E2, and E3).

C) This enzyme catalyzes the reaction: Pyruvate + CoA + NAD Â® Acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH

D) This enzyme also uses TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate), lipoic acid, and FAD as cofactors.

E) Despite its complexity, this enzyme is not an important regulation point of TCA cycle.

4. To maintain a proper rate of the TCA cycle, oxaloacetate is replenished periodically. To increase [oxaloacetate], ___X____ is turned on but the TCA cycled is turned off by phosphorylation of __Y__.

A) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

B) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

C) X = Q cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

D) X = Q cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

E) None of the above.

5. Assume you have three NADH and one FADH₂. Calculate the total numbers of H⁺ pumped into the inter-membrane space and the maximal number of ATP produced inside the matrix.

A) 40 H⁺ and 12 ATP
B) 40 H⁺ and 11 ATP
C) 36 H⁺ and 12 ATP

D) 36 H⁺ and 11 ATP
E) None of the above.

1. Which is an w-3 fatty acid?

A) B) C) D) E) None ofthese

2. In many cases, cellular signal transduction is mediated by amembrane-associated G-protein complex. Which is not right aboutthis protein complex?

A) The complex is made of Î±-, Î²-, and Î³-subunit.

B) The G_sÎ±-subunit has a GTPase activity.

C) Depending on the receptor types, eitherG_sÎ±-subunit or G_iÎ±-subunit is used.

D) Signal transduction through G-proteins ultimately regulatesprotein phosphorylation.

E) None of the above.

3. Which statement is not right about the pyruvatedehydrogenase?

A) This enzyme is located in the mitochondria.

B) This enzyme consists of three different enzymatic subunits(E1, E2, and E3).

C) This enzyme catalyzes the reaction: Pyruvate + CoA + NAD Â®Acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH

D) This enzyme also uses TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate), lipoicacid, and FAD as cofactors.

E) Despite its complexity, this enzyme is not an importantregulation point of TCA cycle.

4. To maintain a proper rate of the TCA cycle, oxaloacetate isreplenished periodically. To increase [oxaloacetate], ___X____ isturned on but the rest step of TCA cycled is turned off byphosphorylation of __Y__.

A) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

B) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

C) X = Qcycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

D) X = Qcycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

E) None of the above.

5. Assume you have three NADH and one FADH₂.Calculate the total numbers of H⁺ pumped into theinter-membrane space and the maximal number of ATP produced insidethe matrix.

A) 40 H⁺ and 12 ATP
B) 40 H⁺ and 11 ATP
C) 36 H⁺ and 12 ATP

D) 36 H⁺ and 11 ATP
E) None of the above.

I put the following

1. D

2. D

3. E.

4. idk

5. idk

Can someone help me out for 4 & 5 and reassure I got 1-3correct! Thanks

sangriarabbit412

BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Condensation Reaction, Succinic Acid, Thioester

BCH210H1 Full Course Notes

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