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IMM340H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Myd88, Defensin, Cd14

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burgundymule401
26 Feb 2019
School
UTSG
Department
Immunology
Course
IMM340H1
Professor
Liliana Clemenza

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Document Summary

The ros are oxygen dependent products that give rise to a bunch of toxic oxygen derived products that kill bacteria. Lysozyme breaks the bonding between the 2 sugars, and its efficient because it recoginizes peptidoglycan and lps so it can kill gram positive and negative bacteria. Defensins: defensins have 1 cationic side that allows them to interact with the negatively charged membrane. Their hydrophobic side allows them to insert into the lipid bilayer, and they make a hole in the membrane and the bacteria burst. Theres numerous different receptors that can detect an antigen. Opsins are produced during inflammation and they can bind to antigens, and receptors expressed on innate cells can recognize the opsins. Phagocytis receptors allow cytoskeleton modifications and it allows things to move i the cells, and it brings the 3 cytosolic components into proximity with the membrane, and the enxyme will come together.

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Related Questions

  1. What common cytokines induce differentiation of TH1 and TH2subsets?
  2. Put the number of the correct description from Column B beforeeach term in Column. Use each term only once.
  3. Column A Column B

    ___ cytokines
    ___ Tc cell
    ___ pathogen
    ___ active immunity
    ___ MHC molecule
    ___ epitope
    ___ passive immunity
    ___ plasma cells
    ___ Th cell
    ___ adjuvant

    1. generates an immune response after vaccination
    2. the direct transfer of a specific antibody into a host
    3. B cell that secretes an antibody
    4. displays CD8 glycoproteins on its surface
    5. organism that causes a disease
    6. presents antigens to TCR can recognize it
    7. displays CD4 glycoproteins on its surface
    8. immunologically active region of an antigen
    9. enhances the immunogenicity of antigens
    10 molecules that signal cells to perform functions
  4. Explain why burn victims are at extreme risk for infection.Which type of immunity is compromised in these patients?
  5. What are the three types of cells capable of phagocytosis? Howare microbes recognized by phagocytic cells?
  6. What do reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogenspecies (RNS) do to microbial cells? List one reactive oxygenspecies that phagocytic cells produce
  7. Where are Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located? What TLR wouldrecognize a bacterium that possesses a flagellum? What result doesTLR-bacterium binding produce and how would that trigger an innateimmune response?
  8. What is the acute phase response (APR)? What are the maincytokines and a few of the proteins are involved in it? What doesthis response contribute to innate immunity?
  9. What is septic shock? Describe the role of LPS in causingsepsis.
  1. What common cytokines induce differentiation of TH1 and TH2subsets?

  2. Put the number of the correct description from Column B beforeeach term in Column. Use each term only once.

    Column A Column B

    ___ cytokines
    ___ Tc cell
    ___ pathogen
    ___ active immunity
    ___ MHC molecule
    ___ epitope
    ___ passive immunity
    ___ plasma cells
    ___ Th cell
    ___ adjuvant

    1. generates an immune response after vaccination
    2. the direct transfer of a specific antibody into a host
    3. B cell that secretes an antibody
    4. displays CD8 glycoproteins on its surface
    5. organism that causes a disease
    6. presents antigens to TCR can recognize it
    7. displays CD4 glycoproteins on its surface
    8. immunologically active region of an antigen
    9. enhances the immunogenicity of antigens
    10 molecules that signal cells to perform functions
  3. Explain why burn victims are at extreme risk for infection.Which type of immunity is compromised in these patients? (3marks)
  4. What are the three types of cells capable of phagocytosis? Howare microbes recognized by phagocytic cells?
  5. What do reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogenspecies (RNS) do to microbial cells? List one reactive oxygenspecies that phagocytic cells produce .
  6. Where are Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located? What TLR wouldrecognize a bacterium that possesses a flagellum? What result doesTLR-bacterium binding produce and how would that trigger an innateimmune response?
  7. What is the acute phase response (APR)? What are the maincytokines and a few of the proteins are involved in it? What doesthis response contribute to innate immunity?
  8. What is septic shock? Describe the role of LPS in causingsepsis.