NFS486H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Malonyl-Coa, Acetyl-Coa, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
17 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Metabolic pathways use enzymes to convert compound a compound b: main purpose of metabolism: control level of diferent enzyme acivity to determine direcion of pathway. Irreversible steps help this: fuile cycles: no irreversible steps: coninuous interconversion b/w compound a & b. Avoid fuile cycles by having irreversible steps and diferent enzymes at each step. Gene expression: slow response hormone interact w/ transcripion factor bind dna control enzyme expression. Ligands (fat-soluble to penetrate nucleus) bind directly to transcripion factor (usually nuclear receptors) Insulin) use signal transducion (indirect efect on gene: nutrient control: nutrients react with transcripion factors to control gene expression expression via receptor binding chemical change) Important hormones: insulin: promote metabolism of glucose, synthesis of atp, store glucose glycogen. Secreted by b-cells: glucagon: responds to low blood glucose, acts on liver to break down glycogen & for gluconeogenesis. Inc. basal metabolic rate, simulate glycogenolysis, increase ffa mobilizaion from adipose issue.
