Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Lactam, Diffraction, Radiography

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Topic 18: introduction to dna and rna: major functions of dna. Carries genetic material: major functions of rna. Carries amino acids to the ribosome (trna: building blocks of rna. Ribonucleotides, composed of 3 parts (a sugar + nitrogenous base + phosphate) Sugar is always ribose + nitrogenous base only = nucleoside (no phosphate) N-glycosidic bond between sugar and nitrogenous base because there"s a nitrogen (remember, it freezes the cyclic sugar in beta configuration sugar will always be in beta) When a phosphate gets added to the highest numbered carbon on the sugar. Becomes a nucleotide: building blocks of dna. The only difference is that the sugar is deoxyribose and it"s now called a deoxynucleotide: two types of nitrogenous bases: purines and pyrimidines know the difference. Purines have two rings: one 5 membered ring and one 6 membered ring. They join to the sugar by the nitrogen in the 5 membered ring in a double bond.

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