Biology 2217B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Tuber, Sweet Potato, Plant Propagation
13 Jul 2019
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Starch: mostly root crops, mostly of tropical origin. Farmed now in temperate climates as well: most propagate asexually, economically important, among first plants domesticated by humans, normally low in protein & oils. Starch (cont. : made and stored in plastids. Chloroplasts in leaves, and amyloplasts in roots: breakdown of starch begins in the mouth. In traditional diets, provides the lion"s share of carbohydrates. Diversity of food sources has given more developed countries a variety of alternatives. Roots and modified stems: stolons or runners. Enlarged storage tips of rhizome found above ground: rhizome, tuberous root. Fleshy fibrous roots, enlarged with food: bulb reserves, taproot. Biennial plants reserves in leaves: corm. Vertical underground stem; store food reserved in stem. Roots and modified stems (cont. : stem tubers: potato. Eyes are buds formed at nodes: tuberous storage roots: sweet potato. Modified fibrous roots enlarged with food reserves: corms: taro. Fleshy, erect underground stems (storage is in the stem, not in the leaves as in bulbs)
