Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Zygosity, Agrobacterium, Southern Blot
13 Oct 2017
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Common themes: easy to be maintained under laboratory conditions, to raise large numbers e. g. mice, controlled environmental conditions, easy induction/recognitions/tracking of mutations, produces large number of offspring, in a short period of time, short generation times. There are different scales: want to see how mechanisms evolved in different species: choice of model organism can be different, there are different model organisms for different biological genetic questions. Universal properties: bacteria, protists, worms, insects, mammals, fungi, plants, all organism use basic processes, similar but not identical in, transcription, translation, replication, mutation. Taxon specific properties (differences): for example comparing different insects, fruit flies, crickets and butterflies can be compared. Species specific properties: for example comparing different drosophila species, smaller scale between group of insects, different morphology, etc. Make constructs: markers: nutritional auxotrophs, drug resistance, advantages: properties of eukaryotes, cell cycle, cell division, meiosis, secretory mechanisms, protein trafficking, chromosome structure, signal transduction, replication, transcriptions etc, limitations: extracellular signaling, centromeres are small, micrornas, not multi-cellular.
