Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Noncoding Dna, Genome Size, Effective Population Size
28 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
There are many types of mutations by which genomes can be altered: point mutations, deletions, insertions, large insertions /deletions (hundreds, thousands of nt, duplications. Can be unlimited number of copies (two x number of times) Can occur on the chromosomal level: rearrangements such that certain pieces get swapped. This includes recombination as a mutation event: fragmentation of genomes, which can lead to fusion between random segments of a genome, and scrambling of the order, conversion, where one copy of a sequence copies itself onto another chromosome. What about the genomes from the other compartments within the cell: for example, endosymbiosis could be considered a mutation to the entire cell. The frequency or the mutation rate is also important. This could drive the genome towards at/gc richness. With more deletions, the genome will be more streamlined, while the insertions will lead to rich genomes.
