Kinesiology 2230A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Blood Sugar, Glycogenolysis, Pyruvic Acid

• School: Western University
• Department: Kinesiology
• Course: Kinesiology 2230A/B
• Professor: Glen Belfry

Document Summary

Glycolysis: breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid (pyruvate) Glucose concentrations in the blood are highly regulated by the pancreas via insulin and glucagon. When blood glucose concentration is too high insulin signals removal of glucose from blood. When blood glucose concentrations need to be increased glucagon stimulated liver (stores carbs as glycogen) and released glucose into blood stream. Produce insulin but it does not stimulate uptaeke of glucose into the cell (insulin resistance - cell resistant to effects of insulin) Activates glut 4 carriers to take glucose into the cell. Requires energy to create g6p (glucose is phosphorylated) - this is stored in the muscle as glycogen. During exercise - glut 4 carriers are activated by calcium. Initial step is ca released near actin/myosin sites, enables glucose to enter cells. Initial glucose (6c) aplits into two 3c units --> each one gets phosphorylated and becomes 2 pyruvates. 2 pyruvates. can become 2 lactates depending on intensity of exercise.