BI236 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Rho Factor, Open Reading Frame, Phosphodiester Bond
Document Summary
Slides 4 the genetic code and transcription base pairs are adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine in dna, and adenine-uracil and guanine-cytosine in rna. Is an intermediate in the flow of genetic information. Refined in many way: viruses synthesize rna using rna template, reverse transcription backwards flow of genetic info, make dna from rna template, different types of rna. Move to nucleus where it uses the host machinery for transcription. Dna serving as a template for rna synthesis is reversed. Reverse transcriptase: enzyme catalyze this process, e. g. viruses, having genomes. Most eukaryotic genes contain noncoding sequences among the coding regions of the gene. Coding sequences can be read in various combinations, each coding for a unique polypeptide chain; this is called alternative splicing. Degenerate: >1 triplet / amino acid, excepted met, trp, enhances the adaptability of the coding system. Non-overlapping: each nucleotide is a part of one, and only one triplet, codon, nucleotide triplet in mrna.
