BU111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Friar Laurence, Moscow Conservatory
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1848: a year of failed revolutions, france, italy, various german states, hopes for freedom seemed to die, a convenient point of demarcation, early romantics were dying, romanticism lived on as nostalgia. The rise of realism: dominated literature and art from 1850s on, novels; grew more realistic, an important realist school in painting (led by gustave courbet, french and italian opera, orchestral music assumed inspirational yet escapist function. Late romantic program music liszt"s symphonic poems a new genre: a one-movement orchestral work with a program (composed in. 1850s by liszt: poem; programmatic nature, descended from concert overture (unlike a berlioz program symphony) free musical form (unlike concert overture) literary connection the impetus for late romantic program music genre used by many composers. Romeo and juliet fall in love at a party. But they come from families which hate each other. They are sure they will not be allowed to marry. Nevertheless, helped by friar laurence, they marry in secret instead.