BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chromatin, Cellular Respiration, Nuclear Pore
10 Dec 2016
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Nucleus: wants to protect dna so that offspring can have its dna. Nuclear envelope: double membrane; each side is a phospholipid bilayer, ribosomes on outside, nuclear pores: Nucleo pores, class of proteins that make the pores. Control what goes in and out of nucleus. What needs to come in: trasctription factors, proteins, Mrna: nuclear lamina: microtubules for protection, surround membrane. Chromatin: dna molecules and associated proteins (histone proteins, non-histone proteins, euchromatin. Use histones; 4 molecules of histone are wrapped around by dna molecule (called nucleosomes) Linker, links nucleosomes (still want access to dna, so cannot wrap all the way) H1 draw the nucleosomes together to form solenoid (chapter 12: involved during mitosis (when chromosomes become more packed) Histones of archaea and eukaryotes are similar. Endomembrane system: membranes are very similar (can take a piece of on organelle and it can fuse into the next organelles membrane, hypothesis: resulted from infolding of membrane. Peptide hormone (its short 50 amino acids)
