MODR 1760 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Human Nature, The Big Questions, Applied Ethics
22 Feb 2019
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Document Summary
Metaphysics and ontology: metaphysics: study of ultimate reality, abstract since it is explicitly more concerned with what underlies all that is, metaphysicians fall between two extremes: They focus on reality that exists outside the natural realm, a world beyond our abilities to touch, taste, see and smell. The only real reality is the material reality around us. Epistemology: deals with the principles of knowledge and human knowing, problem of knowledge concerns the relationship between truth and belief (or opinion). We may have a belief about something but it is different from true knowledge (which may have more justification: two main forms of knowledge: Experiential (survival knowledge: priori knowledge- reason alone, posteriori knowledge- to be rationally justified requires reference to experience of some kind. Logic: deals with the principles of reasoning: study and formation of the principles of right reasoning. Value theory: considers many different things that have value, e. g. , homes, laws, food, aesthetics and ethics fall under this.
