BIOL 3200 Lecture Notes - Clarithromycin, Plasmid, Transfer Rna
Document Summary
Antibiotic resistance: how do they work, what produces them, over-prescription, allergies, affect on microflora, mass production. Inhibition of protein synthesis: proteins are synthesized on ribosome, differences in prokaryotic (70s) and eukaryotic (80s) ribosomes are responsible for selective toxicity. Drugs of this class include: aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, oxazolidinones, streptogramins, prokaryotic kill prokaryotes are we so different? . What are the possible targets and considerations: peptidoglycan, ribosome, tetracyclines, inside cell, reversibly bind 30s ribosomal subunit. Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: resistance can occur via modification of rna target. Also production of enzyme that chemically modifies drug as well as alterations that result in decreased uptake of drug: prokaryotes kill prokaryotes, possible targets and considerations. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis: these include. Fluoroquinolones: target bacterial" dna replica0on enzyme. Rifamycins- rna synthesis: can sometimes damage dna, reason birth control may not work while taking. Inhibition of metabolic pathways antibiotics: inhibit enzymes in metabolic pathways, most useful are folate inhibitors.
