ENV 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Metamorphic Rock, Igneous Rock, Soil Horizon
23 Dec 2016
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Sedimentary - sandstone limestone, built by deposition of sediment, where fossils are found. Metamorphic - caused by heat and pressure: slate, marble. Infiltration - the movement of water through soil. Leaching - dissolving of minerals ad organic matter that come from the upper layers. The degree of infiltration and leaching is determined by the type of soil. O (remember, organic) horizon where leaves and dead stuff (organic matter) decompose. A horizon where bugs, roots, topsoil where things grow. B horizon: subsoil, some chunks of parent rock. Crust is 5-70 km, where you hit the mantle. Loamy is a mix of all three, most optimal for agriculture. Shrink-swell (with water it swells up, without water it would dry and shrink) Soil with low permeability can hold on to water and can therefore grow better vegetation. Humus - dark moist layer (a layer) - organic dead decaying (organic material) layer+ soil. Wetlands are important because they have rich humus with good nutrients.
