HISTORY 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Limpopo River, Senzangakhona Kajama, Mzilikazi
21 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Centralized political kingdoms only 20% of landscape: trade, religion. Acephalus headless no one particular person in who political power was vested: zulu kingdom mfecane (crushing, basotho/sotho- difaqane (scattering, ndebele. Kingdoms by 1800 ngwane, ndwande, mthetwa; rest were chiefdoms. Drought -> famine ; by end of 10 years after famine, lots of tension. 1810 madlatule, scarcity of land for agriculture. By beginning of 19th c, crisis on eastern half of south africa around the drakensberg mountains. Ndwandwe push neighbors away from good land that can be economically useful around. Shaka from smaller chiefdom in the zulu chiefdom soldier in conflict between ndwande and mthetwa. Shaka trains his soldiers, foster absolute loyalty, discard sandals, standing army, royal barracks. In this region- standing army was a first all men 18-25 enlisted in army, not allowed to marry during this period. Improve on technology and technologies of warfare, introduced a short stabbing spear (asagai).
