PSYC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Confirmation Bias, Stereotype Threat, Availability Heuristic
Document Summary
Cognition(thinking)- mental manipulation that goes on in the brain when a person is processing information: organizing, communicating, understanding. Mental images- representations that stand in for objects. Concepts- ideas that represent a class or category of objects, events, or activities: aids us in grouping new things, tend to have strict rules (formal concepts, those in a gray area= natural concepts. Prototype- an item that closely matches the defining characteristics of the concept. Let"s us associate experiences and objects: aid in memory efficiency, provide context for new experiences. The mental process of finding an approximate way to attain a goal when the goal is not readily available. 1. find and frame the problem: develop good problem-solving strategies a. create subgoals, evaluate solutions. 4. rethink and redefine the problems and solutions over time. The mental activity of transforming information to reach a conclusion: weigh arguments, apply rules of logic. Decision making- evaluating alternatives and choosing among them: less certain than reasoning.
