BIOLOGY 242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Nitrogen Fixation, Nucleolus, Gram Staining
16 Nov 2016
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Taxonomy: gives order to 10 million + species: classification: organize/form groups based on similarities or evolutionary relatedness. Identification: determine where an isolate belongs based on morphology, physiology, and genetics: nomenclature: naming binomial system of linnques, species. For biology: organisms are species if they can reproduce offspring (eukaryotes) For microbiology: similar strains are species, closely related species and genus: linnaeus (1753) 3 kingdoms with domains because there was too much variability. Phenetic classification: grouped on overall similarity (phenotypic classifications: numerical taxonomy. Comparing how many traits are in common with other species. 80% and up in common: same species. 70% and up: different species, same genus: phylogenic classification. Amino acid sequences in proteins rrna nucleotide sequences. Characteristics for identification: morphological characteristics: size, shape, colony morphology, staining characteristics, cilia, flagella, (cid:373)otility, e(cid:374)dospores, spores, color , physiological/metabolic: Habitat preferences: molecular characteristics: dna, rna, protens. Trying to determine how many base pairs are g-c compared to a-
