CAS EC 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Technological Change, Physical Capital, Production Function

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2 May 2016

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Is the change in real gdp over time. But what we really care about is the change in real per capita gdp. Productivity: the quantity of goods and services that can be produced by one hour of work. Country a produces 10b of gdp with 1b person hours of labor. B produces 25b of (real) gdp with 5b person hours of labor. Which country has higher productivity: country a. even though it is a smaller. Gdp, they use fewer person hours to do it. A country"s standard of living depends on its ability to produce g and s. This ability depends on productivity, the average quantity of g and s produced per hour of labor input. So productivity= y/l (output per labor hour: when a nation"s workers are very productive, real gdp is large and incomes are high. Ex) 1-2% of americans work in agriculture yet produces more than before: when productivity grows raidly, so do living standards.

Related Questions

Question 3

According to Joseph Schumpeter, the theory of creative destruction describes a process by which

	A	some new products unleash a gale of destruction that drive other new products out of the market.
B		new products unleash a gale of destruction that drives old products out of the market.
C		new products are created by the destruction of capital.
D		the creation of new products never involves the destruction of old products.

Question 4

Which of the following countries had the highest GDP per capita in 2012?

		A Qatar
B		United States
C		Japan
D		Norway

Question 5

________ save a ________ of their income. This ________ capital in their economy and raises economic growth.

	A	Developing countries; large proportion; decreases
B		Developing countries; small proportion; increases
C		High-income countries; large proportion; increases
D		High-income countries; small proportion; increases

Question 6

The demand for loanable funds is determined by the willingness of ________ to borrow money to engage in new investment projects.

A		government
B		households
C		banks
D		firms

Question 7

The U.S. economy has been more stable since 1950.

True

False

Question 8

When the economy reaches a trough in a business cycle, which of the following will occur?

A		Income, production, and employment will continue to fall.
B		Income, production, and employment will begin to rise.
C		Income and production will rise, but employment will continue to fall.
D		Employment rises, but income and production will continue to fall.

Question 9

In a closed economy, what is the relationship between saving and investment?

A		Saving is greater than investment.
B		Investment is greater than saving.
C		Investment is equal to saving.
D		Investment may be greater or smaller than saving.

Question 10

The per-worker production function shows the relationship between ________ per hour worked and ________ per hour worked, holding ________ constant.

A		labor; real GDP; technology
B		capital; real GDP; technology
C		labor; capital; real GDP
D		capital; labor; real GDP

Question 11

New growth theory states that increases in ________ capital will result in ________ at the ________ level.

	A	knowledge; increasing returns to scale; firm
	B	physical; decreasing returns to scale; firm
	C	knowledge; decreasing returns to scale; economy
D		knowledge; increasing returns to scale; economy

Question 12

Which of the following is not a reason why the Industrial Revolution occurred when and where it did?

A		The British government was committed to upholding private property rights.
B		The British government was able to eliminate arbitrary increases in taxes.
C		The British government was able to more easily seize wealth.
D		Institutional changes by the British government helped protect wealth.

Question 13

Growth in real GDP per capita for the world economy was greatest during

A		the seventeenth century.
B		the eighteenth century.
C		the nineteenth century.
D		the twentieth century.

Question 14

Which of the following is a normative statement about economic growth?

A		Economic growth is associated with higher labor productivity growth.
B		Economic growth increases GDP per capita.
C		Economic growth hurts developing countries.
D		Foreign direct investment stimulates economic growth.

Question 15

The effect of a recession on a company like Whirlpool Corporation is such that

A		sales decline more sharply for Whirlpool as compared to firms that do not produce durable goods.
B		profits fall less sharply as compared to firms that do not produce durable goods.
C		the decline in sales is more short-lived as compared to firms that do not produce durable goods.
D		there is no difference in the impact of the recession on its profits as compared to firms that do not produce durable goods.

Question 16

For the recessions in the United States since the 1950s,

A		cyclical unemployment has been non-existent.
B		unemployment rises on average by about 1.2 percentage points 12 months after a recession begins.
C		unemployment falls on average by 2 percentage points 12 months after a recession begins.
D		unemployment rises on average about 5 percentage points 12 months after a recession begins.

Question 17

You are an economic advisor to the president. You are asked to recommend a policy to promote long-term economic growth in the economy. Which of the following policies would you choose?

A		a reduction in sales taxes
B		an investment tax credit
C		a reduction in taxes on luxury yachts
D		All of these

Question 18

In comparison to a government that runs a balanced budget, when the government runs a budget deficit,

	A	the equilibrium interest rate will fall.
	B	business investment will fall.
	C	household savings will fall.
	D	None of these

Question 19

If labor productivity growth slows down in a country, this means that the growth rate in ________ has declined.

A		labor force participation
B		the quantity of goods or services that can be produced by one hour of work
C		the working-age population
D		nominal GDP

Question 20

Policies to promote growth by increasing saving and investment work through

A		decreasing the supply of loanable funds, lowering the interest rate, raising the level of investment in physical capital.
B		increasing the supply of loanable funds, increasing the interest rate, raising the level of investment in physical capital.
C		increasing the supply of loanable funds, lowering the interest rate, lowering the level of investment in physical capital.
D		increasing the supply of loanable funds, lowering the interest rate, raising the level of investment in physical capital.

QUESTION 31

Suppose that twenty-five years ago a country had nominal GDP of $1,800, a GDP deflator of 150, and a population of 100. Today it has nominal GDP of $2,800, a GDP deflator of 270, and population of 180. What happened to the real GDP per person?

It more than doubled

It increased, but it less than doubled

It was unchanged

It decreased

1 points

QUESTION 32

During a presidential campaign, the incumbent argues that he should be reelected because nominal GDP grew by 12 percent during his 4-year term in office. You know that population grew by 4 percent over the period and that the GDP deflator increased by 6 percent during the past 4 years. You should conclude that real GDP per person

grew by 2%

grew by 6%

grew by 8%

grew by 12%

1 points

QUESTION 33

Suppose todayâs CPI is 134.85, and suppose one must spend $986 today to purchase the same basket of goods and services that could be bought for $680 in 1989. Then the CPI in 1989 was

24.27

60.68

93.00

195.53

1 points

QUESTION 34

If your firmâs production function has a decreasing returns to scale and you increase all your inputs by 60%, then your firm's output will

not change

increase, but by less than 60%

increase by 60%

increase by more than 60%

QUESTION 36

Suppose country's nominal GDP tripled, population grew by 40%, and prices doubles over the last 25 year. What happened to nominal GDP per person?

increased by 114%

increased by 93%

increased by 87%

decreased by 69%

1 points

QUESTION 37

A barber shop produces 288 haircuts a day. Each barber in the shop works 8 hours per day and produces the same number of haircuts per hour. If the shopâs productivity is 3 haircuts per hour of labor, then how many barbers does the shop employ?

None of the above is correct

1 points

QUESTION 38

If the nominal interest rate is 11% and the rate of inflation is 6%, then the real interest rate is

-5%

1.67%

11%

1 points

QUESTION 39

Last year real GDP in Greatland was 651 billion and the population was 2.4 million. The year before, real GDP was 460 billion and the population was 1.9 million. What was the growth rate of real GDP per person during the year?

12 percent

10 percent

4 percent

2 percent

1 points

QUESTION 40

If real GDP increases by 40% and the GDP deflator decreases by 10%, then nominal GDP increases by

40%

30%

26%

-10%

An improvement in technology causes the production possibilities frontier (PPF) to

	shift to the right.
	pivot upward.
	shift to the left.
	pivot downward.

(7)

Which of the following is not shown by the circular flow model?

	The flow of resources in one direction and money in the other
	The equality of aggregate spending and aggregate income
	The interaction of households, firms, and the government
	The total amount of goods and services the economy can produce

(8)

Gross domestic product (GDP) is defined as

	the market value of all final goods and services produced in an economy in a given period of time.
	the market value of all consumption goods and services produced in an economy in a given period of time.
	the market value of all investment goods and services produced in an economy in a given period of time.
	the real value of all investment goods and services produced in an economy in a given period of time.

(9)

Real GDP

	includes all domestic and foreign transactions.
	includes the dollar value of domestic transactions only.
	tries to isolate the effect of changing output, holding prices constant.
	measures GDP in terms of prices of goods and services produced.

(10)

When economists talk about economic growth, they are usually referring to

	the percentage change in nominal GDP.
	the percentage change in real GDP.
	the percentage change in nominal investment.
	the percentage change in real investment.

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CAS EC 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Technological Change, Physical Capital, Production Function

CAS EC 102 Full Course Notes

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