CGS SS 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Guild, Public Sphere, Paternalism
6 Apr 2016
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The scientific revolution and the enlightenment: a new outlook: faith in progress, reason, and the individual. Weren"t trying to restore christianity like reformation or renaissance. Turn away from tradition to develop new ideas. Contributed to individualism and power of individual to improve society. Church could no longer provide guidance of god"s truth: the scientific revolution, constructing a scientific worldview: francis bacon and rene descartes. Novum organum (1620) a new method to replace aristotle: before people told not to question aristotle (just validate truth, bacon rejected system and call for new approach (novum organum) The inductive method: knowledge built form the bottom up, though observation and experiment (empirical investigation: arrive at knowledge and truth by observing nature to develop explanations, through rational process by building up what we study. Knowledge as human power over nature: need to have knowledge of nature in order to control it. Descartes: the importance of doubting: we must doubt everything in order to have reliable knowledge.
