BIOS 20175 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Kinetochore, Chromatin, Heterochromatin
25 Jul 2020
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Annealing/hybridization: binding of two complementary dna strands (5-3 to a. Genome = an organism"s total genetic information. Each ds-dna are the chromosomes = how dna is packed up. Humans have 46 chromosomes = 23 from each parent. There is so much dna that the simple floating dna helix would be incredibly bulky. Prokaryotes single celled organisms have simple circular dna called plasmids. The plasmids are packed together using dna gyrase , which use atp = energy to break the dna and twists them around each other. Eukaryotes helixed dna is wrapped around an octamer of globular proteins known as histones . The octamer = 8 histones creates a nucleosome . The dna wrapped around these histones are known as chromatin. Heterochromatin : more dense = tightly packed chromatin that looks darker when stained. Euchromatin : less dense = less packed chromatin that is lighter when stained.
