RTM 402 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Role Theory, Critical Thinking, Enculturation
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It is still largely neglected or ignored (donaldson, 1990) No good or bad theory, just different theories with different amount of rigor. Theories are originated from different schools of thought ot perspectives. It"s necessary to be knowledgeable in many theories and understanding when to apply which theory. Critical thinking: the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgement. Play was non-goal-directed activity when the organism had excess energy to be discharged. Play was practice for life skills for higher animal species. Recapitulation theory (gulick, 1898 & hall, 1906) Play will help species evaluation and disruptive tendencies can be purged. Play is motivated by the need to relax. Viewed play from an organismic orientation which emphasized that play is behavior that is intrinsically motivated based on optimal level of arousal. Seek to play for its own sake. Play as a cathartic process through which conflicts could be resolved and anxiety decreased (freud, 1959)