BIOSC-101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Carl Linnaeus, Carnivora, Lab Report
21 Dec 2020
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Phylogeny: a hypothesis of the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. Taxonomy: the scientific discipline of naming and classifying organisms. Gives rise to hierarchical classification (which the idea of was initiated by carolus linnaeus- When typing, italics is commonly used (panthera pardus) If typing multiple times in a lab report: after first writing out fully, can abbreviate to p. pardus for all subsequent references. Family felidae (cats) order carnivora (carnivores) class mammalia (mammals) phylum chordata (includes humans and some other vertebrates) kingdom. Taxon: a named taxonomic unit at any scale. Sister taxa: groups of organisms that share a common ancestor not shared by any other group. E. g. cactus ground finch and the large cactus ground finch. Tree is based on shared, derived character states (common ancestry) Clade (monophyletic group)- group that includes ancestral species and all its descendants. *doesn"t necessarily have to be species (depends on phylogeny representation but we are using species for our purposes today)
