PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Wilhelm Wundt, Abraham Maslow, Optical Illusion
1/9/17 & 1/11/17
CH. 1 THE EVOLUTION OF PSYCHOLOGY NOTES
Early History:
● 2 intellectual parents of psychology - Philosophy & Physiology
● Born in 1879 - Founded by Wilhelm Wundt at the university of leipzig in Germany;
conducted the first psychology lab
● 1883 psychology comes to U.S.; 20+ labs created within next 10 years - most founded
by Wundt’s students.
Structuralism:
● Purpose: analyze the experience of consciousness
● Technique: introspection in the research lab
● Topics: Sensations & perceptions
- Auditory tones
- Optical illusions
- Olfactory stimuli
Functionalism (William James):
● Purpose: analyze the purpose of consciousness
● Technique: observation in the real world
● Topics: Childhood development (intelligence testing) & Differences between men and
women
1920s: Introducing the unconscious
● Sigmund Freud
● Unconscious: thoughts, memories, & desires outside of awareness
● Psychoanalytic theory: personality stems from the unconscious
● Psychoanalysis: insight therapy
A response to Freud:
● Behaviorism: focus on observable behaviors
● Founders: John B. Watson (little albert experiment) & B.F. Skinner
● Techniques: Classical Conditioning(dog experiment), Operant Conditioning(pigeon
experiment)
1950s: The Humanist Revolt
● Humanism: focus on freedom and personal growth
● Founders: Carl Rogers & Abraham Maslow
● Major Work: Client-centered therapy and hierarchy of needs
● Hierarchy of needs from greatest to least greatest : physiological needs, safety and
security, love and belonging, esteem, self actualization, self transcendence
Cognitive Psychology:
● Studies mental processes used in acquiring knowledge; Thinking.
● Topics:
- Memory
- Language
- Reasoning: decision making & problem solving
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
2 intellectual parents of psychology - philosophy & physiology. Born in 1879 - founded by wilhelm wundt at the university of leipzig in germany; conducted the first psychology lab. 1883 psychology comes to u. s. ; 20+ labs created within next 10 years - most founded by wundt"s students. Topics: childhood development (intelligence testing) & differences between men and women. Unconscious: thoughts, memories, & desires outside of awareness. Psychoanalytic theory: personality stems from the unconscious. Founders: john b. watson (little albert experiment) & b. f. skinner. Techniques: classical conditioning(dog experiment), operant conditioning(pigeon experiment) Humanism: focus on freedom and personal growth. Major work: client-centered therapy and hierarchy of needs. Hierarchy of needs from greatest to least greatest : physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, esteem, self actualization, self transcendence. Studies mental processes used in acquiring knowledge; thinking. Examines the adaptive value of behavioral processes. Examines the adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of life.
