BSC-2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Carbonyl Group, Cell Nucleus, Covalent Bond

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2 Dec 2016

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Cells join smaller organic molecule together to form larger molecules: macromolecules may be composed of thousands of atoms and with over 100,000 daltons. Polymers many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. Three of the four classes of macromolecules are polymers. Monomers the repeated units in polymers ( building blocks ) Some monomers have other functions of their own. Dehydration removes a water molecule (an h from one polymer and ho from a monomer), forming a new bond. Hydrolysis adds a water molecule, breaking a bond. Disaccharide double sugars ; two monosaccharides joined by a condensation reaction. Sugars ( -oses ) typically have formulas that are a multiple of ch2o. Monosaccharides: major fuel for cellular work (particularly glucose) serve as raw material for synthesis of other monomers, including amino acids and fatty acids. Disaccharide: two monosaccharides joined with a glycosidic linkage. Polysaccharides polymers of sugars: storage and structural roles.

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