HSCI-102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Thyroid Peroxidase, Thyroid, Thyroid Cartilage
7 Feb 2019
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Document Summary
Made of tiny follicles: simple cuboidal epithelial that are responsible for making and releasing thyroid hormone. Calcitonin when there is too much ca2+ in blood. 2 kinds of thyroid hormone: t4 (most abundant): has 4 iodine, can be deiodinated to make t3 (in kidney and liver, t3 (most biologically active): has 3 iodine. Regulation of thyroid hormone: hypothalamus, releases trh, causes tsh release from anterior pituitary, anterior pituitary, releases tsh, causes release of thyroid hormones, thyroid gland, effects on target cells, negative feedback on hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. Main function: stimulate growth and metabolism, affects almost every cell in the body. Specific functions: increase heat production, increase heart rate and blood pressure, stimulate rbc formation, increase oxygen delivery, increase bone mineral regeneration. 3 receptor locations in a cell: cytoplasmic: storage, mitochondria: increase atp rate, nucleus: increase gene transcription, (using na-k pump, glycolytic enzymes) Deficient thyroid hormone, which is caused by iodine deficiency.
