ACCT 1B Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Accounts Receivable, Current Liability, Issued Shares

9 views2 pages

rosebuffalo981

14 Aug 2020

School

Irvine Valley College

Department

Accounting

Course

ACCT 1B

Professor

seilo

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Intangible assets: like pp&e, which is a tangible asset, intangible assets also provide future benefits to the company over a number of years in the future. However, unlike pp&e, intangible assets have no physical form; the benefits arise out of legal rights conferred upon the owner. Intangible assets are amortized (similar to the concept of depreciation for tangible assets) over their useful lives. When benefits (or goods and services) have been received and the company promises to pay at a later date. Most liabilities tend to be at (or close to) market values. Obligations that companies have to settle (pay for) within the next year. Accounts payable: merchandise (finished goods or raw materials) bought by the company on credit. Expenses payable: examples are salaries payable, rent payable. When the company has taken the service of an employee or occupied leased premises but has not paid for it, this obligation is referred to as salary (or rent) payable.

Related Questions

1.The useful life of a plant asset is:

The length of time it is used productively in a company'soperations

Never related to its physical life

Its productive life, but not to exceed one year

Determined by the FASB

Determined by law

2. Depreciation:

Measures the decline in market value of an asset

Measures physical deterioration of an asset

Is the process of allocating to expense the cost of a plantasset

Is an outflow of cash from the use of a plant asset

Is applied to land

3. Plant assets are

Tangible assets used in the operation of a business that have auseful life of more than one accounting period

Current assets

Held for sale

Intangible assets used in the operations of a business that havea useful life of more than one accounting period

Tangible assets used in the operation of business that have auseful life of less than one accounting period

4. A company has net sales of $870,000 and average accountsreceivable of $174,000. What is its accounts receivable turnoverfor the period?

0.20

5.00

20.0

73.0

1,825

5. FICA taxes include:

Social Security taxes

Charitable giving

Employee income taxes

Unemployment taxes

6. Times interest earned is calculated by:

Multiplying interest expense times income

Dividing interest expense by income before interest expense

Dividing income before interest expense and any income tax byinterest expense

Dividing interest and income tax expense by income beforeinterest and income tax expense

7. Amortization:

Is the systematic allocation of the cost of an intangible assetto expense over its estimated useful life

Is the process of allocating to expense the cost of a plantasset to the accounting periods benefiting from its use

Is the process of allocating the cost of natural resources toperiods when they are consumed

Is an accelerated form of expensing an asset's cost

Is the same as depletion

8. A method of estimating bad debts expense that involves adetailed examination of outstanding accounts and their length oftime past due is the:

Direct write-off method

Aging of accounts receivable method

Percentage of sales method

Aging of investments method

Percent of accounts receivable method

9. A company purchased a tract of land for its natural resourcesat a cost of $1,500,000. It expects to mine 2,000,000 tons of orefrom this land. The salvage value of the land is expected to be$250,000. The depletion expense per ton of ore is:

$0.75

$0.625

$0.875

$6.00

$8.00

10. The matching principle requires:

That expenses be ignored if their effect on the financialstatements are less important than revenues to the financialstatement user

The use of the direct write-off method for bad debts

The use of the allowance method of accounting for bad debts

That bad debts be disclosed in the financial statements

That bad debts not be written off

11. Liabilities:

Must be certain

Must sometimes be estimated

Must be for a specific amount

Must always have a definite date for payment

Must involve an outflow of cash

12. In the accounting records of a defendant, lawsuits:

Are estimated liabilities

Should always be recorded

Should always be disclosed

Should be recorded if payment for damages is probable and theamount can be reasonably estimated

13. A contingent liability:

Is always of a specific amount

Is a potential obligation that depends on a future event arisingout of a past transaction or event

Is an obligation not requiring future payment

Is an obligation arising from the purchase of goods or serviceson credit

Is an obligation arising from a future event

14. Total asset turnover is calculated by dividing:

Gross profit by average total assets

Average total assets by gross profit

Net sales by average total assets

Average total assets by net sales

Net assets by total assets

15. If the times interest ratio:

Increases, then risk increases

Increases, then risk decreases

Is greater than 1.5, then the company is in default

Is less than 1.5, the company is carrying too little debt

16. Promissory notes that require the issuer to make a series ofpayments consisting of both interest and principal are:

Debentures

Discounted notes

Installment notes

Indentures

Investment notes

17. A company borrowed $300,000 cash from the bank by signing a5-year, 8% installment note. The present value factor for anannuity at 8% for 5 years is 3.9927. Each annuity payment equals$75,137. The present value of the note is:

$75,137

$94,013

$300,000

$375,685

18. A bond traded at 102

burgundypug781

1.Pension benefits represent deferredcompensation for current service.

A) True
B) False

2.Pension costs are recognized on an accrualbasis over the years employees earn pension benefits.

A) True
B) False

3.Almost all new pension plans pay definedbenefits.

A) True
B) False

4.Defined contribution plans require employersto make fixed payments to but not from a pension fund.

A) True
B) False

5.Defined contribution retirement benefits paidto retired employees dependend on how well the pension planactaully performs.

A) True
B) False

6.In chapter 17, our text's authors seem tosuggest that actual results rarely differ from actuarialestimates.

A) True
B) False

7.US GAAP requires that corporations reportboth pension plan assets and liabilities on their balancesheets.

A) True
B) False

8.Our text indicates that actuarial estimatesof projected benefits may be more reliable than actuartialestimates of accumulated benefits.

A) True
B) False

9. In Illustraton 17-6A on page 1005,retirement benefits have been discounted at 6%.

A) True
B) False

Retroactive changes to the way pension benefits are determeinedcan result in prior service costs.

A) True
B) False

11.

When calculating the present value of retirement benefits, lowerdiscount rates reduce PBO estimates.

A) True
B) False

12.

Retriement benefits paid to employees always reduce projectedbenefit obligations.

A) True
B) False

13. In chapter 17, our authors suggest thattoday, it's very unusual for pension plans to be underfunded.

A) True
B) False

14. A company's PBO is reported as a separatelibilitiy on its balance sheet.

A) True
B) False

15. Pension expense calculatons are made usingexpected returns on plan assets.

A) True
B) False

16. Prior service costs are amortized overtime, not immediately expensed when incurred.

A) True
B) False

17. Gains or losses arise whenever the PBO orreturn on plan assets turn out to be different than expected.

A) True
B) False

18. Amortizing net gains would will makepension expense calculations grow larger.

A) True
B) False

19. Amortized gains and losses are reclassifiedfrom OIC to net income.

A) True
B) False

20. Service and interest costs increase PBOcalculation.

A) True
B) False

21. Under International Financial ReportingStandards (IFRS) OCI gains and losses are not amortized butaccumulate.

A) True
B) False

22. Given an actual return on plan assets of$30 and a gain on plan assets of $3, expected return on plan assetswould be $27.

A) True
B) False

23. Given a beginning PBO of $400 and adiscount rate of 6%, interest cost would be $24.

A) True
B) False

24. Analysis of exercise 17-8 on page 1043indicates Sterling Properties earned a $9,000 gain on plan assetsin 2016.

A) True
B) False

25. The actual return on plan assets Abbot andAbbot earned in exercise 17-10 was less than their expectedreturn.

A) True
B) False

26. Fahy Transportation's pension expense wouldinclude an interest cost of $51.1 million in exercise 17-7.

A) True
B) False

27. In CPA Exam Question 1 on page 1050, WolfInc. would report a net pension liability of $85,000 on its balancesheet.

A) True
B) False

28. The correct answer to CPA Exam Question 8on page 1051 is letter c.

A) True
B) False

29. Analysis of Judgment Case 17-3 on page 1061indicates LDG Consulting's pension is overfunded by $405,000 at theend of 2016.

A) True
B) False

30. After studying chapter 17, it would bereasonable to conclude athat GM would account for its pension planamendment in Real World Case 17-9 on page 1063 as a prior servicecost.

A) True
B) False0

Identify two categories of revenue for Panera Bread from the table in the article Revenue Recognition: Key differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. Compare and contrast the companyâs current U.S. GAAP revenue recognition with the potential adoption of IFRS. Provide the IASB Framework or the IAS statement, the changes in revenue recognition as well as potential challenges the company may face in adoption.

Table:

Subject	U.S. GAAP	IFRSs
Concept/objective	realized or realizable and earned.	According to paragraph 83 of the IASB's Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements, revenue is recognized when (1) "it is probable that any future economic benefit" will flow to the entity and (2) such a benefit can be measured reliably. Further, paragraph 93 of the IASB Framework indicates that revenue normally must be earned before it can be recognized.
Definition of revenue	Paragraph 78 of FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, defines revenue as "inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that constitute the entity's ongoing major or central operations."	Paragraph 74 of the IASB Framework states, "The definition of income encompasses both revenue and gains. Revenue arises in the course of the ordinary activities of an entity and is referred to by a variety of different names including sales, fees, interest, dividends, royalties and rent." Paragraph 7 of IAS 18 defines revenue as "the gross inflow of economic benefits during the period arising in the course of the ordinary activities of an entity when those inflows result in increases in equity, other than increases relating to contributions from equity participants."
Sale of goods or products	SAB Topic 13 indicates that revenue from the sale of goods or products should not be recognized until it is earned and realized, or realizable. Revenue is generally earned and realized, or realizable, when all of the following conditions have been satisfied: There is persuasive evidence of an arrangement. Delivery has occurred (e.g., an exchange has taken place). The sales price is fixed or determinable. Collectibility is reasonably assured. In addition, ASC 605-15 provides guidance on product transactions that include a right of return. Further, various industry- and transaction-specific guidance is provided in other U.S. GAAP.	Under paragraph 14 of IAS 18, revenue from the sale of goods is recognized if all of the following conditions are met: The "entity has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods." The "entity retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold." The "amount of revenue can be measured reliably." "[I]t is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity." The "costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably."
Rendering services	>Like revenue from product sales, revenue from service transactions should not be recognized until it is earned and realized, or realizable. Revenue is generally earned and realized, or realizable, when all of the following conditions have been satisfied: There is persuasive evidence of an arrangement. Service has been rendered. The sales price is fixed or determinable. Collectibility is reasonably assured. Other than the limited guidance in >ASC 605-20, no specific guidance on the rendering of services exists under U.S. GAAP. The appropriate method for recognizing revenue in such transactions depends on the individual transaction but is usually based on the proportional performance as of the balance sheet date.	Paragraph 20 of IAS 18 states, "When the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, revenue associated with the transaction shall be recognised by reference to the stage [i.e., percentage] of completion of the transaction at the balance sheet date." Paragraph 20 goes on to list specific conditions for determining whether an outcome of a transaction can be estimated reliably. And subsequent paragraphs provide guidance on determining the stage of completion. Paragraph 26 of IAS 18 states, "When the outcome of the transaction involving the rendering of services cannot be estimated reliably, revenue shall be recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that are recoverable."
Software arrangements	ASC 985-605 provides guidance on recognizing revenue in a software arrangement.	There is no specific guidance on software revenue recognition in IFRSs. An entity should apply the provisions of IAS 18 as appropriate.
Construction-type contracts	ASC 605-35 provides guidance on construction-type contracts. ASC 605-35-25-90 indicates that when the percentage-of-completion method is deemed inappropriate (e.g., when dependable estimates cause the outcome to be doubtful), the completed-contract method is preferable. ASC 605-35-25-25 through 25-27, the customer must approve the scope and price of change orders before the related revenue can be recognized.	IAS 11, Construction Contracts, provides guidance on construction-type contracts. Paragraph 32 of IAS 11 indicates that when the percentage-of-completion method is deemed inappropriate (e.g., when the outcome of the contract cannot be estimated reliably), revenue is recognized to the extent that costs have been incurred, provided that the costs are recoverable. Use of the completed-contract method is prohibited under IFRSs. Paragraph 13 of IAS 11 specifies that when it is probable that the customer will approve the scope and price of a change order, the related revenue can be recognized.
Milestone method	ASC 605-28 provides guidance on the application of the milestone method for recognizing revenue in research or development arrangements.	There is no specific guidance in IFRSs on the application of the milestone method for recognizing revenue in research or development arrangements.
Multiple-element arrangements	ASC 605-25 provides guidance on multiple-element revenue arrangements and establishes detailed criteria for determining whether each element may be separately considered for recognition. This guidance does not apply to arrangements or deliverables that are within the scope of other authoritative literature (e.g., ASC 985-605).	Paragraph 13 of IAS 18 indicates that the recognition criteria under IAS 18 are usually applied separately to each transaction unless either of the following conditions applies: "[I]t is necessary to apply the recognition criteria to the separately identifiable components of a single transaction in order to reflect the substance of the transaction." Two or more transactions "are linked in such a way that the commercial effect cannot be understood without reference to the series of transactions as a whole."
Bill-and-hold arrangements	The SEC staff lists specific criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized in bill-and-hold arrangements before delivery of the product. (Non-SEC entities also use these revenue recognition criteria because no other authoritative guidance in U.S. GAAP addresses the accounting for these transactions.) The criteria restrict revenue recognition to limited circumstances.	Illustrative Examples to IAS 18 list criteria for recognizing revenue under bill-and-hold arrangements before delivery of the product. While the objective for recognizing revenue in bill-and-hold arrangements may be similar to that in U.S. GAAP, the criteria are not the same.
Gross versus net	ASC 605-45 provides guidance on whether to report revenue on the basis of the gross amount billed to the customer (as a principal) or the net amount retained by the company (as an agent).	Paragraph 8 of IAS 18 requires that revenue be reported on a net basis in agency relationships but does not provide specific guidance to consider. Improvements to IFRSs issued in April 2009) provides examples that indicate whether an entity is acting as a principal or as an agent.
Customer loyalty programs	Revenue recognition for customer loyalty programs is not specifically addressed in U.S. GAAP. (The EITF attempted to address this issue but did not reach a consensus.) Although entities account for customer loyalty programs in different ways, such programs are typically accounted for under ASC 605-25 as multiple-element arrangements or under an incremental-cost model.	IFRIC 13 indicates that customer loyalty programs are deemed multiple-element revenue transactions and that the fair value of the consideration received should be allocated between the components of the arrangement.
Rebates, discounts, incentives, and other consideration	ASC 605-50 indicates that consideration given by an entity to its customers is presumed to be a reduction of revenue unless an identifiable benefit whose fair value can be reasonably estimated is received.	Paragraph 10 of IAS 18 states that revenue "is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable taking into account the amount of any trade discounts and volume rebates allowed by the entity." There is no specific guidance on other types of consideration given by an entity to its customers.
Specific industry and other guidance	Certain standards in U.S. GAAP provide specialized guidance on revenue recognition, including guidance that applies to specific industries and transactions.	IFRSs provide no (or limited) revenue recognition guidance that applies to specific industries or transactions.

greyhornet170

ACCT 1B Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Accounts Receivable, Current Liability, Issued Shares

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

ACCT 1B Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Pro Forma, Financial Statement, Indirect Costs

ACCT 1B Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Current Asset, Finished Good

ADM 1340 Chapter Notes - Chapter 02: Accounts Payable, Promissory Note, Current Liability

Related Questions