BIO 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Axon Hillock, Peripheral Nervous System, Central Nervous System
Document Summary
Energy comes from a high-energy compounds (atp hydrolysis) Diffusion results from previous active transport of the ion. Sodium-linked glucose pump: diffusion of na+ provides energy, pump actively transports glucose. Sodium-linked proton pump: diffusion of na+ provides energy, pump actively transports h+ ions. Uses membrane compartments: endocytosis uptake and breakdown of particles, exocytosis the release of contents from intracellular fluid. Nerve cells and electrical signalling: potassium equilibrium potential. Central nervous system (cns): brain & spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system (pns): afferent (input) & efferent (output) Soma contains nucleus and most organelles. Axon transmits electrical impulses (action potentials) Axon hillock where axon potentials are initiated. Make up most of all cells in the nervous system. Determining the equilibrium potentials for potassium and sodium ions. Membrane potential (mp) potential differences across a given membrane, all cells in the body generate this, and usually have a negative voltage inside compared to the outside.
