PSY-P 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Noam Chomsky, Syntactic Ambiguity, Surface Roughness
19 Apr 2017
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P101 lecture 22 notes- language and thought (cont. ) Use of symbols (words) that represent concepts; connection between sound and concept entirely arbitrary and socially agreed on. All rules that dictate how we can put language together. Semantics- word knowledge; agreed-upon relations between words and concepts. In memory, implicit requires no conscious effort (must be tested directly), explicit does require effort. Hierarchical structure of syntax: surface structure- literal ordering of words, deep structure- underlying representation of meaning; more vague concept (not in words) to be conveyed, noam chomsky- making sentences requires transformations of deep structure to surface structure. When producing language, we convert deep to surface structure. Inflection of voice that gives different meaning, like sarcasm or questioning. If mismatch between knowledge/use of pragmatics present, can lead to ambiguity. Speaker might leave surface structure vague so listeners impose their own knowledge so they reach the deep structure they want. Many jokes based on syntactic ambiguity; intonation and/or pragmatics convey meaning.
