ELECTRN 8 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cingulate Cortex, Extracellular Fluid, Falx
Document Summary
Intracarnial hematoma: epidural hematoma: bleeding between dura & skull, subdural hematoma: bleeding between dura & arachnoid, subarachnoid haemorrhage: bleeding below arachnid membrane in subarachnoid space (still outside. Intracerebral haemorrhage: bleeding in the brain tissue the brain tissue) Skull fractures: depressed or non-depressed, damage if cranial nerve facial muscle paralyse & leaks of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) Edema: vasogenic brain edema based on a permeability disorder of the blood-brain barrier or an increased permeability of the capillary vessels, which leads to fluid influx into the interstitium. The underlying diseases here are head trauma, infections, abscesses and brain tumors pressure. Cytotoxic brain edema is identified by intracellular water gathering of astrocytes, microglia, neurons regardless of the reliability of the vascular endothelial wall. Cytotoxic edema is the consequence of modifications in cellular osmolality with the consequential failure of the cell"s capability to manage its ionic gradients. Intracranial space: brain (80%), csf (10%), blood (10%)
