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EC 201 Lecture 6: Lecture 6

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School
MSU
Department
Economics
Course
EC 201
Professor
Kang Kiwon

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Document Summary

Percentage changes in quantity supplied/ percentage changes in price (more elastic)-larger values show that supply is more sensitive to price changes. Supply is more elastic in the long run than the short run. Means that the legal price is set below market price. Popular government controls on basic goods ex-rental control. In the long run, supply is more elastic so the effect on quantity is more pronounce. Government sets a target price- if the market price falls below the target price, government pays the difference. Attempts to disregarding the law of supply and demand generally do not work.

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Related Questions

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1. Which of the following is not characteristic of the demand for a commodity that is elastic?

a. The relative change in quantity demanded is greater than the relative in price

b. Buyers are relatively sensitive to price changes

c. Total revenue declines if price is increased

d. The elasticity coefficient is less than one

2. Suppose the price elasticity of demand for bread is 0.20 if the bread falls by 10 percent, the quantity demanded will increase by:

a. 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise

b. 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall

c. 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall

d. 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise

3. If a consumer is equilibrium, an increase in money income will:

a. Move him to a new equilibrium on a lower indifference curve

b. Make his indifferent curves steeper, but will not alter the equilibrium position

c. Have no effect on the equilibrium position because product prices have not change

d. Move him a new equilibrium on a high indifferent curve

4. The larger the coefficient of price elasticity of demand for a product, the:

a. Larger the resulting price change for an increase in supply

b. More rapid the rate at which the marginal utility of that product diminishes

c. Smaller the resulting price change for an increase in supply

5. A manufactures of frozen pizzas found that total revenue decreased when price was lowed from $5to $4. It was also found that total revenue decreased when price was raised from $5 to $6. Thus,

a. The demand for pizza is elastic above $5 and inelastic below $5

b. The demand for pizza is elastic both above and below $5

c. The demand for pizza is inelastic above $5 and elastic below$5

d. $5 is not the equilibrium price of pizza

6. The elasticity of demand for a product is likely to be greater

a. if the product is necessity, rather than a luxury

b. the greater the amount good of time over which buyers adjust to a price change

c. The smaller the proportion of one

1. Price elasticity of demand is calculated as:


a. the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price
b. the percentage change in price divided by the percentage change in quantity demanded
c. the absolute change in quantity demanded divided by the absolute change in price.
d. the absolute change in price divided by the absolute change in quantity demanded


2. The price elasticity of demand:


a. is of no use to producers
b. tells producers what will happen to total profit if they change product price
c. tells producers what will happen to quantity supplied if they change product priced.
d. tells producers what will happen to total revenue if they change the product price


3. Along a linear demand curve,


a. both the slope and price elasticity are constant
b. the price elasticity is constant, but the slope varies
c. total revenues are constant
d. the slope is constant, but the price elasticity varies


4. Demand is more elastic:


a. in the short run than in the long run
b. for necessities than for luxuries
c. for food than for hamburgers
d. for goods with many substitutes than for goods with only a few


5. Demand for a necessity, such as food, is:


a. both income and price inelastic
b. income inelastic and price elastic
c. income elastic and price inelastic
d. both income and price elastic


6. The reason economists assume that firms try to maximize economic profit is:


a. over time, firms that don't earn profits will have difficulty securing financing to survive
b. firms in the real world always maximize profit
c. profit is easier to calculate than revenues
d. if a firm fails to earn a profit in its first year, it will go out of business


7. Which of the following is a short-run adjustment?


a. Toyota builds an automobile plant in Kentucky.
b. Faced with increasing enrollment, a private college builds a new school of Business building.
c. Because of staggering losses, three insurance companies exit the industry.
d. People's Bank hires two new tellers to meet the increased demand for customer services.


8. At the point where diminishing marginal returns set in, the slope of the total product curve is:


a. positive and increasing
b. positive and decreasing
c. negative and increasing
d. negative and decreasing


9. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the marginal cost and average variable cost curves?:


a. MC is everywhere above AVC
b. AVC is everywhere above MC
c. MC crosses AVC at AVC's minimum point
d. MC crosses AVC at MC's minimum point


10. The shape of the long-run average cost curve reflects
a. market demand
b. economies and diseconomies of scale
c. increasing and diminishing marginal returns
d. the productivity of fixed inputs


Question 16

  1. If price is cut and demand is elastic, total revenue will rise because

    the change in quantity demanded is greater than the percent change in price.

    the percent change in quantity demanded is greater than the change in price.

    the percent change in quantity demanded is greater than the percent change in price.

    customers can't find substitutes.

3 points

Question 17

  1. If price is cut and demand is inelastic, total revenue will fall because

    the change in quantity demanded is less than the percent change in price.

    the percent change in quantity demanded is less than the change in price.

    the percent change in quantity demanded is less than the percent change in price.

    customers can find substitutes.

3 points

Question 18

  1. If something is addictive, then

    price and demand are inversely related.

    price elasticity of demand is equal to one.

    demand is perfectly inelastic.

    demand is perfectly elastic.

3 points

Question 19

  1. In general, elasticities measure

    the change in quantity demanded when a product attribute changes.

    the change in consumer spending when income changes.

    the change in an attribute for a percentage change in price.

    the percentage change in the quantity demanded resulting from a fixed percentage change in some attribute.

3 points

Question 20

  1. Average total costs are defined as

    total costs divided by the change in output.

    total costs divided by output.

    the change in total costs when output changes.

    average variable costs plus marginal costs.

3 points

Question 21

  1. If a firm is experiencing economies of scale, then the long-run average cost curve is

    falling.

    rising.

    horizontal.

    shifting.

3 points

Question 22

  1. If average total cost is rising

    marginal cost is above average total cost.

    marginal cost is rising.

    marginal product is rising.

    marginal cost is above average total cost and is falling.

3 points

Question 23

  1. The period of time over which all inputs are variable is the

    market horizon.

    short run.

    calendar year.

    long run.

3 points

Question 24

  1. The supply chain refers to

    the supply curve.

    the process of outsourcing.

    the process of downsizing.

    the process of creating and selling a product.

3 points

Question 25

  1. When the capital (a fixed input) changes

    short-run marginal costs rise.

    short-run average total costs fall but do not shift.

    labor inputs decline.

    the short-run average total cost curve shifts.

3 points

Question 26

  1. A market of price takers is called

    perfectly competitive.

    monopolistically competitive.

    a monopoly.

    an oligopoly.

3 points

Question 27

  1. A market with a single seller is called

    perfectly competitive.

    monopolistically competitive.

    a monopoly.

    an oligopoly.

3 points

Question 28

  1. A market that mainly stresses product differentiation is called

    perfectly competitive.

    monopolistically competitive.

    a monopoly.

    an oligopoly.

3 points

Question 29

  1. Entry into a competitive market will continue until

    economic profits are zero.

    normal profits are zero.

    when accounting losses are zero.

    a. and b. are true

3 points

Question 30

  1. Firms in an oligopoly

    act independently.

    engage in strategic behavior.

    have perfect knowledge of the behavior of others.

    openly collude.