PSYCH 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Observer-Expectancy Effect, Falsifiability
Document Summary
It"s human nature to make observations and look for explanations--but we need to make sure we don"t rely on beliefs/emotions/heuristics. Scientific method: systematic evaluation of info to reach a conclusion supported by evidence. Unique species of birds (finches) found nowhere else. Noticed that the species changed over time. More offspring are produced than can survive due to limited resources. Offspring w traits better suited to environment will survive pass traits to offspring. Eventually this can produce a new species! Theory hypotheses research support or refute theory. Theory: interconnected ideas/concepts used to explain prior observations to make predictions. Hypothesis: testable prediction about the outcome that would best support theory. Research: systematic and careful collection of data. Good: generates testable hypothesis, is falsifiable, and is parsimonious. Darwin"s theory of natural selection is both a good and true theory. Correlative: describes/connects certain situations to one another. Case studies: intensive examination of unusual persons/organizations. Small sample size (may not apply to general public)
