BIOM-360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Contractile Vacuole, Rhizaria, Brown Algae
2 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Eukaryotic Diversity
Microbial eukaryotic diversity > their macroscopic relatives.
Protists
An artificial group that includes a lot of diversity and is dominated by unicellular organisms.
Chemoorganotrophic
: gets nutrients from dead organic matter by releasing enzymes into the environment
Phagocytosis, have mitochondria
Saprophytes
Photoautotrophic
: strict aerobes, have chloroplasts
Mixotrophic
(both of the above terms).
Most are unicellular, lack differentiated tissues.
Structural complexity @ organelle level.
Main groups:
Excavata
Free living and symbiotic organisms
Includes human parasites
Have flagella and a lateral excavated groove
Oldest eukaryotes
Euglena = aquatic autotrophic model for organism lab studies
Elastic membrane
Stigma (red eye spot), light sensing.
Contractile vacuole → reg. Of osmotic pressure
Flagella → mobility
*”vector” transmission
Amoebozoa
Closest relatives to Opisthokonts
Amoeba = cytoplasmic stream with leads to pseudopod formation and shape.
Aquatic and eat algae.
Slime molds
Acellular → streaming masses of protoplasm.
Amoeboid phase.
Cellular → “social amoeba”
True multicellularity
amoeboid cells aggregate to form a motile slug.
Bacteriophages
SAR
Stramenopiles, Alveolates, Rhizaria
Rhizaria
Amoeboid, many w/ projecting pseudopods.
Foraminifera, radiolaria
Silica shells → deposit in ocean after death
Small but there are many
Alveolates
Dinoflagellates and ciliates
Stramenopila
Diatoms: Unicellular, photosynthetic, aquatic, two-piece cell wall
Brown algae: Multicellular, kelp, marne, photosynthetic.
