SOC400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Supplemental Security Income, Healthcare Proxy, Motherhood Penalty
Document Summary
Social construction of the binary of gender and sex: part of the system of stratification. Structural correlations of sex inequality: pay gap: feminization of poverty; economic functions of inequality. Division of labor in employment sphere: crowding, lower pay, sex-typed jobs, glass ceiling, statistical discrimination, the motherhood penalty. Wage gap: sh. 78 f/m ratio, lower returns on education for females. Division of labor in domestic sphere: women"s second shift, invisibility of unpaid work. Competitive disadvantage: lower human capital investments, part-time and discontinuous work. Bread winner society advantages fathers have to get promoted, paid higher, etc. Way we have looked at family largely unchanged from the 50"s view of what a family looks like: even though americans never had families in the 50"s like that either. Although multiple definitions co-exist, notions about family" tend to be linked to children, marriage and heterosexual unions. Changes in gay marriage is one of the quickest social changes ever.
