ANTHROP 2200H Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Vindija Cave, Y Chromosome, Gene Flow

• School: Ohio State University
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTHROP 2200H
• Professor: Trask Lexine

Document Summary

Archaic homo sapiens: defining archaic homo sapiens. Immediate ancestors to modern homo sapiens: early archaic homo sapiens. Mix of homo erectus and modern homo sapiens. Not all homo erectus evolved into homo sapiens sapiens. Larger front teeth, smaller molars and no chin. Increased brain expansion (average: 1200 cc), heavy brow ridges, large eye sockets, smaller molars, sagittal keel, thick cranial bones. Increased brain size, reduced tooth size, decreased skeletal robusticity. Wide nasal apertures, projecting face, occipital bun, long low skull, large front teeth, wide stocky body, short limbs. More worn in front (used teeth as tool) Open sites, caves, rock shelters, man made shelters. Homo sapiens sapiens better tool makers, more intelligent. Analysis of neandertal bones yielded 4 billion base pairs. Eurasians and neandertals share 1% 4% of ndna. Dispersal of modern homo sapiens: three hypotheses: out of africa hypothesis. Archaic homo sapiens (neandertals and transitionals) evolve parallel to modern homo sapiens (africa) 40 30 kya: multiregional continuity hypothesis.