CHEM 1210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Covalent Bond, London Dispersion Force, Pentane
Document Summary
As pressure increases in a real gas, its molecules come closer and closer with the result that attractions between molecules become important. When distances decrease so that almost all molecules touch or almost touch, a gas condenses to a liquid. In liquids, there is very little space between molecules; consequently, liquids are difficult to compress. The density of liquids is much greater than that of gases because the same mass of molecules occupies a much smaller volume in the liquid state. The position of molecules in a liquid is random and there is irregular space between them into which other molecules can slide; this causes liquids to be fluid. Surface tension: the layer on the surface of a liquid produced by uneven intermolecular attractions at its surface: Molecules in the interior of a liquid have equal intermolecular forces in all directions.
