HSC 332 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Dental Caries, Hypertension
Poor nutrition can contribute to
* Stress
* Tiredness
* Our capacity to work
* Overtime
* Contributes to the risk of developing illnesses and other health concerns such as
* cognitive/development delays
* Tooth decay
* High blood pressure
* High cholesterol
* Heart disease and stroke
* Type 2 diabetes
* Osteoporosis
* Some cancers
* Depression
* Eating disorders, being overweight or obese
Food insecurities
* Refers to families who do not have consistent and dependable supply of healthy
food
* Food insecurity is not the same as hunger
* Food-insecure families are often able to avoid hunger by choosing cheaper, more
filling types of food costly nutritious foods
* A proper balance of nutrients is important for normal brain development
* Shortage of nutrients such as iron and iodine can impair cognitive and motor
developments
* These developments are often irreversible
* Nutrition called the single greatest environmental influence on babies in the
womb and during infancy
Macronutrients or substrates= carbohydrates, fat, protein
micronutrients=vitamins and minerals
Vitamins:
* Necessary for energy production, immune function, blood clotting and other
functions
Minerals
* Play an important role in growth, bone health, fluid balance & several other
processes
Micronutrients
* Micronutrients are vital to development, disease prevention and wellbeing
* Micronutrients are not produced in the body and must be derived from the diet
* Called micronutrients because they are needed only in tiny amounts, these
substances are the “magic wands” that enable the body to produce enzymes
* Deficiencies in micronutrients such as
* Iron
* Iodine
* Vitamin A
* Folate
* Zinc
* At least half of children worldwide ages 6 months to 5 years suffer from 1 or
more micronutrient deficiency, globally more than 2 million people are affected
