BI SC 002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Human Genome Project, Dna Profiling, Electrophoresis
Document Summary
Use of living organisms to manufacture or modify helpful and functional products for a specific purpose. Household products: enzymes in detergent genetically modified. Humans have been using selective breeding for centuries to manipulate genes. Advances in dna technology allow: understanding of mechanisms of life, solving crimes, creating solutions in healthcare. Pcr polymerase chain reaction: can produce millions of copies of a specific dna fragment in just a few hours. Or even an hour: dna polymerase is borrowed from bacteria, dna primers define the region to be copied, temperature shifts are used to manipulate dna and enzymes. Scientific research in medicine: diagnosis of genetic defects, detection of aids virus (hiv) in human cells. Research in evolution: amplify trace amounts of dna from fossils. Amplify trace amounts of dna from crime scenes. Dna has an overall negative charge: electrical current forces dna molecules to travel through the gel. Small molecules move faster through the gel matrix than big molecules.
