01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Osteomalacia, Visual Impairment, Scurvy
Document Summary
Lecture 24: diet and nutritional needs, chemical energy. 1. calorie - kilocalorie - 1000 calories. Breakdown proteins & lipids: essential nutrients. In humans - 8 essential amino acids in adults. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid (polyunsaturated) from seeds, grains, and veggies. Co-enzymes & compounds required in small amounts. Co-enzymes = non protein required for enzyme. Antioxidant - destroy reactive molecules when cells use o2. Scurvy - wounds, weakness, loss of teeth. Fat soluble vitamins - can be stored in the body. Vitamin a - converted to retinal part of rhodopsin. Vitamin d - calcium absorb, uv light. Phosphorus - bones & teeth, atp phospholipids & nucleic acids. Sulfur - disulfide bridges in protein: regulation of appetite and consumption, control of fat storage and metabolism. Bulk feeders - long intervals between meals. Food arrival -> secretions for chemical digestion and peristalsis. Nervous system relays info to secrete hormones: nervous system. Levels fall as body fat lowers: regulation of digestion, oral cavity.