01:960:211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Minitab
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1 or more variables (characteristics of the population units) that are to be investigated the sample of population units the inference about the population based on information collected in the sample a measure of reliability for the inference. Generalizable---- key key key ///// cybernetic: feedback. Process: a series of actions or operations that transforms inputs into outputs; produces or generates output over time. Any set of outputs: based on sample. Black box: a process whose operations or actions are unknown or unspecified. Quantitative data: measurements that are recorded on a naturally occurring numerical scale. Qualitative data: measurements that cannot be measured on a natural numerical scale. Ex. hair or eye color, major, political affiliation. Selection bias: subset of population is excluded and have no chance of being selected for the sample. Non-response bias: results when researchers conduct surveys and are unable to obtain data from all experimental units selected for the sample.