CJ 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Loretta Lynch, General Jurisdiction, General Counsel

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lemonwolf187

13 May 2018

School

University of Scranton

Department

Criminal Justice

Course

CJ 110

Professor

Roberts

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writ of certiorari

Chapters 8

➢ Origin of American courts

o Constitutional Convention of 1787 – created two legal systems in America (State

and Federal)

➢ State courts

o Courts of limited jurisdiction = “workhorses of state judiciary”; minor criminal

cases

o Courts of general jurisdiction = major trial courts at state level

o Appellate courts

▪ Intermediate appellate courts

▪ State supreme courts

➢ Federal courts= 1. Apply/enforce all federal laws, 2. Ultimate interpretation of the

Constitution

o Federal magistrates= lowest level or federal judiciary

o U.S. District Courts = major trial courts at the federal level

o Appellate courts

▪ U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeals

▪ U.S. Supreme Court= ultimate authority in interpreting constitution

➢ Interaction between state and federal courts

o Writ of certiorari= document issued by higher court directing lower court to

prepare record of case and send for review

o Writ of habeas corpus= writ requesting a person or institution detaining a prisoner

bring them before judicial officer

State Supreme Court U.S. Supreme Court

 

Intermediate Appellate Court U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal

 

Courts of General Jurisdiction U.S. District Courts

 

Courts of Limited Jurisdiction Federal Magistrate

 

State Federal

Chapter 9

➢ Prosecutors= attorney and government official who represents the people of a particular

jurisdiction against person accused of committing crime

o Roles and duties=

▪ Screen cases, present facts, coordinate investigation (present at scene),

respond to motions by defense, jury selection

o Federal prosecutors

▪ U.S. Attorney General = government official who prosecutes at federal

level; highest ranking in U.S. department of justice; currently Loretta

Lynch

▪ 1st Deputy Attorney General

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Document Summary

Origin of american courts: constitutional convention of 1787 created two legal systems in america (state and federal) State courts: courts of limited jurisdiction = workhorses of state judiciary ; minor criminal cases, courts of general jurisdiction = major trial courts at state level, appellate courts. Constitution: federal magistrates= lowest level or federal judiciary, u. s. district courts = major trial courts at the federal level, appellate courts, u. s. Circuit courts of appeals: u. s. supreme court= ultimate authority in interpreting constitution. Attorneys: state prosecutors, state attorney general = chief legal officer of state; pa bruce beamer, 1st deputy attorney general, senior deputy attorney generals, deputy attorney generals. County prosecutors: county district attorney = lackawanna county shane scanlon, 1st assistant district attorney, deputy district attorneys, assistant district attorneys, factors impacting decision to prosecute, 1. Harm done to victim/property: discretion= up to prosecutor to decide to take the case or not.

Related Questions

Question 1

You are president of ACME Enterprises. Every year you have to pay a federally imposed fee for your business. This statute arises from a statute that was previously passed by the United States Congress. Being very "anti-tax" you decide one year that you are tired of paying the fee and that you want to get the fee eliminated. However, you do believe that the fee is constitutional. Which branch of government could pass a law which could eliminate this fee for you?

Judicial B. Legislative C. Executive D. Municipal

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not true?

Bob, a resident of New Jersey, sues Ed, a resident of Florida, for $100,000 over a real estate deal. Bob must bring his suit in a Florida court. B. The conflict of laws may guide a federal court in deciding which state's laws to apply in a case. C. Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. D. You are not required to be represented by an attorney in small claims court

Question 3

You were convicted of the federal crime of possession of cocaine with intent to distribute across interstate lines. Your case was tried in the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia. Now, you wish to appeal your case to get your conviction overturned. To which body should you first appeal your case?

United States Supreme Court B. 4^th Circuit Court of Appeals. C. United States Magistrate Court D WV Supreme Court

Question 4

Venue concerns:

Whether a federal court has jurisdiction B. The most appropriate court for the action to be brought within a particular state or federal jurisdiction C. Whether a state court has jurisdiction. Whether a defendant has properly served with process

Question 5

The decision of a state court can never be appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.

True or False

Question Six

A rule of law enabling the defendant to win even if all of plaintiffâs allegations are true is a

Counterclaim B. Deposition C. Judgement N.O.V. D. Affirmative Defense

Question 7

Johnson is a creditor of Barnes. Johnson wants to file a petition to have Barnes declared bankrupt. Which of the following statements is true?

Johnson can file his petition in either state or federal court B. Johnson should file his petition in US. District court C. Only a federal bankruptcy can hear a bankruptcy case D. bankruptcy cases can be heard in federal tax court

Question 8

Which of the following is a type of alternative dispute resolution that is binding on the parties?

Mediation B. Non-binding arbitration C. Binding arbitration D. Summary jury trial

Question 9

A writ of certiorari is the most common way to appeal a case to the Supreme Court.

True Or False

Question 10

A written record of the entire trial proceedings including the testimony of all the witnesses and any discussions between the judge and the attorneys is called a:

Treatise B. Citation C. Brief D. Transcript

Question 11

Which of the following Alternative Dispute Resolution processes can result in a decision that, under most circumstances, can't be appealed to another organization?

Binding Arbitration B. Non-binding Arbitration C. Mediation D. Mini-trial E. A & C F. None of the above

Question 12

The decision of a mediator is binding upon the parties.

True or False

Question 13 A new claim stating that plaintiff owes defendant damages because of harm resulting from the incident alleged in the complaint is a(n):

Affirmative defense B. Cross-claim C. Counterclaim D. Dissenting opinion

Question 14

Federal question jurisdiction:

A type of jurisdiction possessed by state trial courts B. Is the most common form of U.S. supreme court jurisdiction C. requires that the amount in controversy be at least $10,000 D. is jurisdiction over questions arising under federal laws, treaties, and in the U.S. constitution

Question 15

The primary way a case can be appealed to the West Virginia Supreme Court is through filing a document referred to as a:

Writ of certiorari B. writ of habeas corpus C. writ of quo warranto D. writ of mamdamus

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true of the appellate procedure?

The appellate court hears witnesses and fathers new evidence B. A transcript of the trial must be sent to the appeals court C. The appealing party must show that material errors occurred in the trial D. The appeals court may reverse and remand the decision

Question 17

If P sues D, and D wants to allege that P's own negligence caused her injury, D should allege this in:

The complaint B. The answer C. The reply D. The counterclaim

Question 18

Uncle Jesse wants to sue Cletus Hogg (Uncle Jesse's neighbor) for trespassing on Uncle Jesse's land and for causing $50,000 worth of damage to Uncle Jesse's land. Both Uncle Jesse and Cletus live in Jackson County, West Virginia. Uncle Jesse comes to the law office you work for and your supervising attorney concludes that Uncle Jesse's case can take place in state court in West Virginia. What court should your law firm file the complaint in?

Jackson county superior court B. Jackson county circuit court of appeals C. United states district court in the southern district of WV D. Jackson county circuit court E. 4^th court of appeals

Question 19

Cases heard in the federal courts must involve either a federal question or situations in which there is diversity of citizenship between the parties.

True or False

Question 20

In the American legal system, a judge cannot overturn a jury verdict.

True or False

Question 21

A U.S. Court of Appeals is empowered to:

Hear witnesses and determine facts B. Hear only patent, copyright, and trademark appeals C. Review legal conclusions reached by lower federal courts and administrative agencies D. Make findings of fact

Question 22

A mini-trial is conducted under the supervision of the court.

True or False

Question 23

Eve attempts suicide by locking herself inside the trunk of her car. Someone discovers Eve after several days. She is still alive. Eve sues the manufacturer of her car for a large amount of money because it did not provide for a latch inside the trunk. Which of the following may be the first step that the car manufacturer would want to make in this case?

Make a motion to dismiss the case B. Make a motion for a directed verdict C. Make a motion of judgement n.o.v D. Take the case to small claims court

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT true of trials?

Preponderance of evidence is the standard used in civil trials B. proof beyond a reasonable doubt is the standard used in criminal trials C. The state can make a motion for judgement notwithstanding the verdict when the defendant is acquitted in a criminal trial D. a directed verdict may be granted in a civil case if the plaintiffâs evidence is not sufficient to support her allegations

Question 25

You sued your brother in Kanawha County Circuit Court because he hit you with his car in Charleston, West Virginia and caused you to become partially paralyzed on the left side of your body. This civil law case does not involve any federal issues or law; the case is purely a state law case and it involves about $500,000 in damages. The case was tried in a state court in Charleston and your brother lost. Your brother now wants to appeal his case to try to get the jury verdict overturned. To what organization should your brother first try to appeal his case?

United States Supreme Court B. West Virginia Supreme Court C. Kanawha County Circuit Court D. Kanawha County Family Court E. West Virginia Legislature

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CJ 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Loretta Lynch, General Jurisdiction, General Counsel

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