BIOL 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Ileocecal Valve, Intestinal Gland
4 Mar 2020
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Document Summary
Pacemaker cells that are part of the enteric nervous system create an intrinsic rate of stimulation for the muscle of the intestinal wall. Parasympathetic impulses increase the strength with which the muscle contracts but not the rate of contraction. The gastroileal reflex occurs as new food enters the stomach; it is increases peristalsis in the small intestine. (what nerve is involved?) Gastrin secreted by the stomach stimulates contraction of intestinal smooth muscle and relaxation of the ileocecal valve. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) from the duodenum stimulates secretion of bicarbonate-rich intestinal juice by the duodenum. Somatostatin from the stomach and duodenum inhibits blood flow and absorption from the small intestine. The liver is the largest gland in the body. It is found mainly in the right hypochondriac region but the left lobe extends into the epigastric region. The caudate and quadrate lobes are included with the right hepatic lobe by some anatomists because they all drain through the right hepatic duct.
