BSC 114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Hydrophile, Chitin, Chief Operating Officer
24 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms e. g. 2 structural isomers of butane (c4h10) Have same covalent arrangements but differ in spatial arrangements. Arise from double bonded carbons because they do not allow atoms they join to rotate freely about the bond axis. Cis isomer- the two xs are on the same side. Trans isomer- the two xs are on opposite sides. Differ in spatial arrangement around an asymmetric carbon, resulting in molecules that are mirror images, like left and right hands. Usually designated the l and d isomers from the latin for left and right (levo and dextro) Cells can distinguish enantiomers based on their different shapes. Usually one isomers are biologically active and the other is not. The distinctive chemical properties of an organic molecule depend not only on the arrangements of its carbon skeleton but also on molecular components attached to the skeleton. The seven functional groups that are important in the chemistry of life:
