BIO 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: British Mycological Society, Dikaryon, Saprotrophic Nutrition
24 Oct 2016
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Lecture 17
What’s a fungus?
1. The fungus hike
2. Defining traits of fungi
3. General biology of the fungi
Types and ecology
4. Microsporidia
5. Chytridomycetes
6. Zygomycetes
7. Glomeromycetes
8. Ascomycetes
9. Basidiomycetes
10. Fungal ecology: mutualists, saprobes, and parasites
• Fungus is more closely related to animals than plants
• Fungi branch off the clade with choanoflagellates and animals
• Fungi are very diverse
o 6 main groups
Fungi share six traits:
1. Most fungi have a number of cell types
2. Fungi have cell walls with chitin
3. Some fungi have dikaryon stages
4. Fungi undergo nuclear mitosis
5. Many fungi have both sexual and asexual reproduction
6. Fungi are heterotrophs that absorb nutrients
Fungal cell types:
Unicellular (can be flagellated)
OR
Multicellular
• Hyphae (usually long chains of cell like structures) can be septate or coenocytic
o Groups of hyphae form complex structures: Mycelium
• Fungi have cell walls with chitin
• Dikaryons form from the fusion of two haploid mating strains
• Fungal cells use nuclear division:
o The nucleus replicates and forms two copies, but the cell remains a single unit.
• Fungi cells use sexual and asexual reproduction
• Spores (function like haploid gametes) develop into new individuals
o Through wind
• Sexual stages are used to identify fungus, making it hard to finalize the fungal phylogeny
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