BIO 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Differential Centrifugation, Endomembrane System, Centrifugal Force

• School: University at Buffalo
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIO 201
• Professor: Lara Hutson

Document Summary

Lecture 7: nucleus and the endomembrane system (ch. Characteristics of eukaryotes: (fungi, human, plants,: no peptidoglycan, poor structural support. Increased membrane flexibility: membranous organelles, segregation of functions, large (usually 10-100 um) Improved mobility: communication over distance, cytoskeleton, structural support. ** nuclei and mitochondria distinguishes eukaryotes from bacteria*** Pla(cid:374)ts, fu(cid:374)gi, a(cid:374)d so(cid:373)e protists: vacuoles: water storage, etc. detoxification, chloroplasts: photosynthesis (plants, some protists, cell walls: structural support, water retention (plants, fungi, some protists) ***** make sure to read about cell structure and organelles in chap. Scientists could see many of the organelles but wanted to be able to separate them to determine their functions. Differential centrifugation: sample into centrifuge tube, centrifuge tubes into rotor, rotor into centrifuge, spin. Force is proportional to angular momentum^2 x mass. Whole cells > cell wall, nuclei > mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes > microsomes, vesicles > ribosomes. General characteristics of some organelles determined through centrifugation in combination with enzyme assays.