BIO 201LLB Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Sister Chromatids, G2 Phase, Karyotype
1 Nov 2018
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Mechanism linked to transcription repression: more compact. Mechanisms linked to transcriptional activation: looser, dna more accessible. The kinetochore is a protein complex that is attached to the centromere. The kinetochore is not always at the center of the chromosomes. Cohesion holds the sister chromatids together at the centromere. Based on how off center the centromere was. Main point, not all centromeres are at the center. Molecular cytogenetic technique used to simultaneously visualize all the pairs of the mitotic chromosomes in an organism in different colors. Different number of chromosomes, different sizes, different shapes. Diploid: two full sets of genetic information. Ploidy (n): number of sets of genetic information. Number of copies of the genome: x: mass of dna or amount of dna, c: number of base pairs (size of dna, x and c are always the same, human cells are mostly 2n2x2c in g1. Changes in human dna content during the cell cycle.
